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Rapid flow-artifact-free high-resolution T2 mapping via multi-shot multiple overlapping-echo detachment imaging.

Qizhi Yang1,2, Jianfeng Bao3, Zurong Ni1

  • 1Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.

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This study introduces a fast, submillimeter T2 mapping technique using multi-shot MOLED and deep learning to correct phase variations. The method achieves high accuracy and clinical practicality, overcoming challenges from pulsatile cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

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MRIT2 mappingdeep learningflow artifactmulti‐shot

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Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • Medical Physics
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • T2 mapping is crucial for MRI-based tissue characterization.
  • Existing methods often face trade-offs between resolution, acquisition time, and scan volume.
  • Pulsatile cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can introduce phase variations, complicating segmented k-space acquisitions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a T2 mapping method with submillimeter resolution and ~1-minute acquisition time.
  • To enable large volume coverage without console or coil modifications.
  • To implement a deep learning approach for correcting inter-shot phase variations caused by CSF pulsation.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of a multi-shot (msh-) acquisition scheme into multiple overlapping-echo detachment imaging (MOLED).
  • Application of deep learning for correcting discontinuous phase jumps by leveraging signal and artifact incoherence.
  • Validation of the method using phantoms (3T and 7T) and human subjects (3T).

Main Results:

  • Phantom and human T2 mapping results showed low mean absolute errors (1.11/0.89 ms) compared to spin-echo.
  • msh-MOLED demonstrated good structural depiction compared to turbo spin-echo.
  • Successful elimination of CSF-induced phase errors without autocalibration, navigators, gating, or lengthy postprocessing.

Conclusions:

  • A T2 mapping method with submillimeter resolution and high clinical practicality has been developed and validated.
  • The navigator-free, calibrationless approach effectively addresses inter-shot phase variations from pulsatile CSF.
  • This technique maintains quantification accuracy and rapid acquisition, suggesting potential for removing trajectory-related ghost artifacts via spatial encoding and inpainting.