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Oral Nutritional Interventions for Stroke Recovery: A Systematic Review.

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Oral nutritional supplements (ONSs) may aid stroke recovery, particularly protein-based ones combined with exercise. However, results vary, and more research is needed for clinical use.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Suboptimal nutritional status is common in stroke patients, hindering recovery and rehabilitation.
  • Oral nutritional supplements (ONSs) can address deficiencies and support stroke rehabilitation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the impact of oral nutritional interventions on functional, cognitive, and psychological outcomes in stroke rehabilitation.
  • To evaluate effects on activities of daily living (ADLs), muscle function, cognition, and mood.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using the PICO framework.
  • Searches conducted in Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus.
  • Included 23 studies (24 reports) on various nutritional interventions.

Main Results:

  • Mixed results observed for nutritional interventions in stroke survivors.
  • Protein-energy supplements, especially with resistance training, showed potential for functional gains.
  • Other interventions like vitamin D, amino acids, polyphenols, and omega-3 yielded varied or contradictory findings.

Conclusions:

  • Stroke patients with higher nutritional needs may benefit most from targeted interventions.
  • Protein-based ONSs alongside exercise rehabilitation show promise for improving functional outcomes.
  • Further research is required to establish clinical guidelines due to study heterogeneity and mixed results.