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Dissociating Spatial Attention and Working Memory Storage with Pupillometry.

Damian Koevoet1, Henry M Jones2, Stefan Van der Stigchel1

  • 1Utrecht University.

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
|October 9, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spatial attention and working memory (WM) storage are closely linked but separable. Our study shows pupil size independently tracks attended locations and memorized objects, challenging unified attention models.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Existing research highlights a strong connection between spatial attention and working memory (WM) capacity.
  • Spatial representations of stored items can arise even when spatial information is irrelevant to the task.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether spatial attention and working memory load are distinct components of attentional control.
  • To determine if the brain independently tracks spatial attention and WM load.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of pupillometric data from three change detection experiments (n=67).
  • Independent manipulation of spatial attention extent and WM load across tasks.
  • Utilized visuospatial and auditory working memory paradigms.

Main Results:

  • Pupil size reliably tracked the number of attended locations, independent of WM load.
  • Pupil size also independently tracked the number of memorized objects, irrespective of spatial attention.
  • This dissociation was consistent across different experimental designs and WM modalities.

Conclusions:

  • Spatial attention and working memory gating are distinct functions within voluntary attentional control.
  • Findings challenge theories proposing a unitary system for attention and WM.
  • Supports a more modular view of cognitive control mechanisms.