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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 15, 2026

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Evaluating Strategy Use, Online Awareness and Memory Performance Using the Contextual Memory Test Version 2 (CMT-2)

Kai Ling Koh1, Bhing Leet Tan1, Rachel Rui En Pek1

  • 1Health and Social Sciences Cluster, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore.

Hong Kong Journal of Occupational Therapy : HKJOT
|October 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Effective memory strategies and online awareness significantly improve recall performance in adults. This study provides preliminary normative data for the Contextual Memory Test-2 (CMT-2) in Singapore, guiding occupational therapy interventions.

Keywords:
cognitive assessmentcontextual memory testmemory performanceonline awarenessstrategy use

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Occupational Therapy

Background:

  • The Contextual Memory Test-2 (CMT-2) is a key occupational therapy tool for assessing memory, awareness, and strategy use.
  • Understanding these factors is crucial for tailoring effective interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between memory strategy use and performance in Singaporean adults.
  • To investigate the link between online awareness and memory recall.
  • To explore age-related differences in memory performance and awareness.
  • To establish preliminary normative data for the CMT-2 in Singapore.

Main Methods:

  • 132 healthy adults (18-71 years) participated in virtual or face-to-face assessments.
  • The CMT-2 was used to measure immediate recall (IR), delayed recall (DR), total recall (TR), strategy use, and online awareness.
  • Online awareness was assessed by comparing predicted and actual recall scores.

Main Results:

  • Efficient strategies correlated with higher recall scores (IR, DR, TR) compared to inefficient ones.
  • 'Context' and 'association' strategies yielded better recall than 'limited association'.
  • A strong negative correlation was found between immediate recall prediction discrepancy and actual recall score (r=-0.611, p<0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Effective memory strategies and online awareness are vital for memory recall.
  • Prioritizing these cognitive aspects in occupational therapy interventions is recommended.
  • Preliminary CMT-2 normative data for Singaporean adults are now available.