Repurposing Neurological Drugs Against Dengue Virus Infection

Dengue fever is highly prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, where it is caused by dengue virus (DENV) and transmitted by arthropods. While DENV infection manifests with a spectrum of clinical symptoms, severe cases can lead to hemorrhagic fever and shock syndrome. Increasing evidence over the past decade has highlighted the neurological complications associated with DENV; however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Despite this knowledge gap, various central nervous system (CNS)-targeted drugs have shown promise in mitigating DENV-induced neurological impairment. In this review, we provide an overview of the neurotropic features of DENV and summarize current evidence on the antiviral effects of selected nervous system-acting compounds. We also explore the potential mechanisms by which these agents may reduce DENV infection. Given the urgent need for effective dengue therapeutics, repurposing CNS-targeting drugs represents a promising strategy. Finally, we examine the potential and underlying mechanisms for employing neuropharmaceutical agents as one of the antiviral therapies for DENV infection.