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Related Concept Videos

Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
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Transcriptomic Profiling of Dental Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Sema S Hakki1, S Buket Bozkurt2, Zehragul Ergul3

  • 1Department of Periodontology, Selcuk University, Konya, Türkiye.

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This study compared gene expression in dental mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from different teeth. Periodontal ligament MSCs showed the highest potential for immune regulation by suppressing T-cell proliferation.

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MSCsPENK mRNAdental tissuesperiodontal ligamentpulptranscriptomic analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Dental stem cells
  • Immunomodulation
  • Gene expression analysis

Background:

  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from dental tissues (periodontal ligament and pulp) are investigated for their therapeutic potential.
  • Understanding the differential gene expression and immunomodulatory properties of MSCs from various tooth types (molar, premolar, deciduous) is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare whole-genome gene expressions of periodontal ligament (PDL) and pulp (P) mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from third molar, premolar, and deciduous teeth.
  • To evaluate the immunomodulation properties of these MSCs based on differentially expressed genes.
  • To assess the impact of MSCs on T-cell proliferation and apoptosis.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of PDL and pulp MSCs from different tooth types.
  • Whole-genome gene expression analysis using Human Expression Hybridization Assay (47,000 probes).
  • Co-culture of MSCs with lymphocytes to evaluate T-cell proliferation (WST-1 assay) and apoptosis (flow cytometry).
  • Validation of specific gene expression (PENK) using RT-PCR.

Main Results:

  • 291 genes were differentially expressed (≥2 fold) between MSCs from different tooth types and origins (PDL vs. pulp).
  • Significant differences observed in proenkephalin (PENK), epidermal growth factor-like protein 6 (EGFL6), and complement factor D (CFD) gene expressions.
  • All dental MSCs suppressed T-cell proliferation compared to T cells alone (p=0.001).
  • Premolar PDL MSCs exhibited higher suppression of T-cell proliferation and higher PENK and IL-10 mRNA expression.

Conclusions:

  • Dental MSCs possess immunomodulatory capabilities, notably suppressing T-cell proliferation.
  • Periodontal ligament MSCs, particularly from premolars, demonstrate significant potential for immune regulation due to high PENK and IL-10 expression.
  • These findings suggest PDLMSCs as promising candidates for immune-related therapies.