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Related Experiment Video

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Electrophysiological Measurements and Analysis of Nociception in Human Infants

Electrophysiological Measurements and Analysis of Nociception in Human Infants

Published on: December 20, 2011

Pain Measurement in Infants and Children With and at Risk for Intellectual Disabilities.

Morgan MacNeil^1,2, Britney Benoit³, Timothy Disher^4,5

¹School of Nursing Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada.

Paediatric & Neonatal Pain

|October 13, 2025

Summary

Children with intellectual disabilities experience significant pain but lack adequate research on pain assessment. More studies are needed to improve pain measurement and care for this vulnerable population.

Keywords:

child infant intellectual disability pain

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Quantitative Assessment of Cortical Auditory-tactile Processing in Children with Disabilities

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Area of Science:

Pediatric Pain Management
Intellectual Disability Research
Healthcare Disparities

Background:

Comprehensive pain assessment is a standard of care, yet infants and children with intellectual disabilities are underrepresented in pain measurement literature.
This population faces a high risk of experiencing pain, necessitating tailored pain assessment strategies.
Existing literature inadequately informs pain measurement practices for children with or at risk for intellectual disabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

To review and discuss current literature on pain measurement in infants and children with or at risk for intellectual disabilities.
To define and evaluate pain assessment tools, scales, and measures used in this population.
To identify research gaps and provide recommendations for future pain research.

Main Methods:

A narrative literature review was conducted using PubMed.
A librarian scientist assisted in developing a comprehensive search strategy without date limitations.
Pain measures were categorized into self-report, behavioral, physiological, and neurophysiological types.

Main Results:

A significant dearth of literature exists regarding pain measures and indicators in infants and children with intellectual disabilities.
Studies often feature small sample sizes and report inconsistent findings.
Current pain assessment tools, scales, and measures have notable strengths and limitations.

Conclusions:

There is a critical need for more research on pain assessment in children with intellectual disabilities.
Future studies should compare pain responses across age groups and intellectual disability diagnoses against neurotypical peers.
Developing and validating effective pain assessment tools is crucial for improving patient care.