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Lipoprotein(a) as a Predictor of Cardiovascular Risk in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients Undergoing Percutaneous
Azad Mojahedi1, On Chen2, Hal A Skopicki2
1Department of Internal Medicine, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
Insights
Elevated lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels predict adverse cardiovascular events in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Routine monitoring of Lp(a) is crucial for managing residual risk.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Biomarkers
- Interventional Cardiology
Background:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) persists as a major global health issue.
- Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a known cardiovascular risk factor, but its prognostic role in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) requires clarification.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the association between Lp(a) levels and recurrent ischemic events in ACS patients undergoing PCI.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of studies published between January 2020 and January 2025 from PubMed.
- Inclusion criteria: adults (≥18 years) with ACS, PCI, and Lp(a) measurements.
- Quality assessment using the QUADAS-2 tool.
Main Results:
- Analysis of 10 studies involving 20,896 patients from diverse Asian and African regions.
- Elevated Lp(a) levels significantly correlate with adverse cardiovascular outcomes, including myocardial infarction and mortality.
- Findings observed both in-hospital and during long-term follow-up.
Conclusions:
- Lipoprotein(a) is a critical biomarker for predicting recurrent cardiovascular events in ACS patients post-PCI.
- Consistent association between high Lp(a) and adverse outcomes emphasizes the need for routine monitoring.
- Targeted management of Lp(a) is essential for mitigating residual cardiovascular risk.
Background:
Despite advancements in treatment, coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a significant global health concern. Although lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is recognized as a crucial cardiovascular risk factor associated with increased risk, the prognostic value of using Lp(a) levels in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains debatable. This review aimed to investigate the association between Lp(a) levels and recurrent ischemic events in patients with ACS undergoing PCI.
Methods:
This systematic review included studies with individuals aged ≥18 years diagnosed with ACS who underwent PCI and had Lp(a) measurements. The included studies were sourced from the PubMed database, with a focus on articles published between January 2020 and January 2025. Keywords related to Lp(a) and cardiovascular diseases were used in the search. Data extraction involved a review of titles and abstracts followed by quality assessment using the QUADAS-2 tool.
Results:
The final analysis included 10 studies with a combined population of 20,896 patients from diverse regions, including Japan, India, Egypt, China, and South Korea. Key findings indicate that elevated Lp(a) levels are significantly associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes, including myocardial infarction and mortality, both in hospital and during long-term follow-up.
Conclusions:
This review highlights Lp(a) as a critical biomarker for predicting recurrent cardiovascular events in ACS patients post-PCI. The consistent correlation between elevated Lp(a) levels and adverse outcomes underscores the necessity of routine monitoring and targeted management of Lp(a) to mitigate residual cardiovascular risk.
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