Emerging therapeutic advancements in pancreatic cancer: a contemporary review

The escalating global burden of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is imposing a critical health burden as a major cause of cancer-related mortality. Survival rates are low due to late-stage diagnosis and complex tumor microenvironments. The review discusses the multifaceted approach required for effective management, including the latest therapeutic approaches, and highlights the critical role of the tumor microenvironment in therapy response. Innovations in targeted therapies and immunotherapies are emphasized, with a focus on genetic mutations such as BRCA and KRAS that influence treatment outcomes. Furthermore, the article explores emerging therapeutic strategies, including the utilization of novel drug combinations. The review underscores the necessity for ongoing research to improve diagnostic techniques, develop more effective therapies, and ultimately enhance patient outcomes in pancreatic cancer.