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Updated: Jan 15, 2026

A Hydroponic Co-cultivation System for Simultaneous and Systematic Analysis of Plant/Microbe Molecular Interactions and Signaling
Published on: July 22, 2017
The interplay of RALF structural and signaling functions in plant-microbe interactions
Sebastian Schade1, Henriette Leicher2, Michelle von Arx3
1Molecular Botany, Institute of Botany, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
Abstract:
Rapid alkalinization factor (RALF) peptides are important signaling molecules binding to Catharanthus roseus receptor-like kinase 1-like (CrRLK1L)-LORELEI/LORELEI-like GPI-anchored protein complexes to regulate a plethora of physiological responses, including plant-microbe interactions. Recently, RALF peptides were demonstrated to possess additional structural functions as organizers of primary cell wall structure through binding to de-methylated pectin via Leucine-rich repeat extensin proteins. In this review, we discuss these novel findings and their possible implications for RALF-regulated plant-microbe interactions, put them into context with the well-known signaling function of RALF-CrRLK1L complexes, and address key future directions for this emerging field in molecular stress physiology and beyond.
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