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Melatonin regulates tomato cold tolerance through SlPMTRs-SlCaM6-SlICE1 signaling cascade
Ying Liu1, Shirui Jing1, Congyang Jia1
1College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
Phytomelatonin receptors SlPMTR1/2 protect tomatoes from cold stress by boosting antioxidant enzymes and activating calcium signaling pathways. This research clarifies how these receptors enhance plant cold tolerance.
Area of Science:
- Plant Science
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Cold stress negatively impacts plant growth and yield through oxidative damage.
- Phytomelatonin (MT) improves cold tolerance, but its receptors and signaling pathways are not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of phytomelatonin receptors SlPMTR1/2 in tomato cold tolerance.
- To elucidate the signaling pathways mediated by SlPMTR1/2 in response to cold stress.
Main Methods:
- Tomato treatment with melatonin at 4°C.
- Analysis of antioxidant enzyme activities, reactive oxygen species, and malondialdehyde levels.
- Protein interaction studies (SlPMTR1/2 and SlCaM6) and gene expression analysis (SlICE1, SlCBF1, SlCNGC2).
Main Results:
- SlPMTR1/2 are crucial for MT-mediated cold protection, reducing oxidative damage by enhancing antioxidant enzymes.
- SlPMTR1/2 interacts with SlCaM6, preventing its nuclear inhibition of SlICE1, thereby activating the SlICE1-SlCBF1 transcriptional module.
- SlCBF1 upregulates SlCNGC2, increasing Ca2+ influx, which is amplified by MT via SlPMTR1/2, reinforcing cold tolerance.
Conclusions:
- A dual signaling pathway involving SlPMTR1/2 in tomato cold adaptation is revealed.
- SlPMTR1/2 enhances antioxidant defense and activates a Ca2+-mediated transcriptional response for improved cold tolerance.
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