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Multipath Identification and Mitigation for Enhanced GNSS Positioning in Urban Environments.

Qianxia Li1,2, Xue Hou1, Yuanbin Ye1

  • 1Surveying and Mapping Institute Lands and Resource Department Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510500, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 16, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a data-driven method to detect and reduce multipath errors in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning within cities. The approach uses Fourier and wavelet transforms for improved urban location accuracy.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Geomatics Engineering
  • Signal Processing

Background:

  • Urban Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning faces challenges from multipath reflections and interference.
  • Accurate location-based services (LBS) in metropolitan areas require robust solutions to these GNSS signal errors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an adaptive, data-driven methodology for identifying and mitigating GNSS multipath effects in urban environments.
  • To improve the accuracy and reliability of GNSS positioning for LBS in challenging urban settings.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Fourier transform (FT) to analyze code multipath and other error sources in the frequency domain via power spectrum.
  • Applied wavelet decomposition and signal spectrum analysis to detect multipath signatures in multilayer signal decompositions.
  • Developed a mitigation strategy based on identified multipath features to reconstruct corrected GNSS observations.

Main Results:

  • Successfully identified and characterized multipath effects in GNSS observations using frequency and decomposition techniques.
  • Demonstrated effective mitigation of multipath impacts, leading to improved positioning accuracy.
  • Validated the proposed method in both static and dynamic scenarios under realistic urban conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed adaptive, data-driven approach offers a viable alternative to complex modeling for GNSS multipath mitigation in urban areas.
  • The method integrates seamlessly with existing positioning models and shows feasibility with standard navigation terminals and smartphones.
  • This research contributes to enhancing the robustness of GNSS positioning for LBS in challenging urban environments.