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Updated: Jan 15, 2026

High-speed Video Microscopy Analysis for First-line Diagnosis of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia
Published on: January 19, 2022
Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia-Current Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach
Joanna Wrona1, Zuzanna Krupa1, Marta Zawadzka1
1Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland.
None:
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare, inherited disease with a complex genetic etiology, leading to ciliary dysfunction and impaired mucociliary clearance. This paper presents the current state of knowledge regarding the clinical presentation, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic strategies in PCD. The role of genetic testing, ultrastructural analysis of cilia, and modern methods such as high-speed video microscopy (HSVA), nasal nitric oxide (nNO) measurement, and immunofluorescence is discussed. The importance of a multi-step diagnostic process is emphasized, given the absence of a single test with both high sensitivity and specificity. Current treatment options-including respiratory physiotherapy, infection management, and control of ENT symptoms-are reviewed, alongside new experimental approaches such as gene and mRNA therapies. This paper highlights the need for early diagnosis and comprehensive, interdisciplinary care for patients with PCD.
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