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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
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Neoadjuvant Treatment Approaches to Oral Cancer.

Lyna Siafa1, Aisha Ali2, Paul Kerr1

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Journal of Clinical Medicine
|October 16, 2025
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Neoadjuvant immunotherapy shows promise for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), offering improved survival and fewer side effects compared to chemotherapy. Further research is needed to establish it as a standard treatment.

Keywords:
CTLA4PD-1PD-L1chemotherapyimmunotherapyneoadjuvantoral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Head and Neck Surgery

Background:

  • Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has a high prevalence, with poor survival rates for locally advanced stages despite surgical and chemoradiation advancements.
  • Recurrence and metastasis remain significant challenges, driving the need for novel treatment strategies like neoadjuvant therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current literature and ongoing trials on neoadjuvant treatment for OSCC.
  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemotherapy versus immunotherapy in locally advanced OSCC.

Main Methods:

  • A narrative review of clinical trials identified through a PubMed search and snowballing technique.
  • Analysis of 21 identified clinical trials focusing on neoadjuvant treatment protocols for OSCC.

Main Results:

  • Neoadjuvant chemotherapy showed favorable pathologic outcomes but variable survival results.
  • Neoadjuvant immunotherapy demonstrated improved pathologic responses and survival outcomes with low incidence of severe adverse events.

Conclusions:

  • Neoadjuvant therapy is a promising approach for OSCC but not yet standard of care.
  • Neoadjuvant immunotherapy offers encouraging response rates and reduced toxicity compared to chemotherapy for locally advanced OSCC.
  • Further randomized trials are essential to standardize neoadjuvant protocols and identify response biomarkers.