Optimizing Sow and Litter Performance via a Comprehensive Service-to-Weaning Feeding Regimen

Hyperprolific genetic lines achieve large litters but are at increased risk of metabolic stress, impaired sow condition, and reduced piglet viability. This study aimed to evaluate whether a phase-specific feeding program from service to weaning improves sow metabolic status and body condition, and enhances offspring performance, compared with a standard program. Sixty gilts and 268 multiparous sows were randomly allocated to a control group (standard commercial diets; C) or a treatment group (phase-specific diet; T) covering early and late gestation, peripartum, and lactation. Compared to a commercial feeding strategy, four custom-made, phase-specific diets were fed as follows: for early gestation (greater amount of essential aa and fat content), late gestation (higher amount of CP and essential aa), peripartum (improved nutrient profile at lower fat and fiber content), and lactation (higher essential aa and calorie content). On gestation day 113, T gilts had greater backfat thickness (BFT) and lower blood β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) than C. T multiparous sows showed greater BFT and longissimus muscle depth (LMD) and lower BHBA on day 113, fewer stillborn piglets, lower incidences of neonatal diarrhea, and fewer negative lactation curves and postpartum hypophagia. On day 28 of lactation, T litters had heavier piglets, and LMD remained higher in T sows. The phase-specific feeding program improved the metabolic state, body condition, and reproductive outcomes in hyperprolific sows and enhanced offspring growth through weaning.