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Poultry Food Assess Risk Model for Salmonella and Chicken Eggs in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Amani T Alsufyani1, Norah M Alotaibi1, Fahad M Alreshoodi1
1Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA), Riyadh 13513, Saudi Arabia.
Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 16, 2025
Summary
This study assessed the risk of salmonellosis from chicken eggs in Riyadh using the Poultry Food Assess Risk Model (PFARM). Results indicated a low risk of illness, validating PFARM
Area of Science:
- Food Safety
- Microbiology
- Risk Assessment
Background:
- Salmonella contamination in food, particularly chicken eggs, poses a significant global health risk, causing substantial mortality.
- The Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA) is interested in understanding and mitigating salmonellosis risk from chicken eggs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the Poultry Food Assess Risk Model (PFARM) for its effectiveness in assessing salmonellosis risk and severity.
- To conduct a proof-of-concept study in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, using PFARM on a small cohort of chicken egg consumers.
Main Methods:
- The SFDA tested chicken eggs from Riyadh retailers for Salmonella contamination.
- A survey of 125 consumers gathered data on egg storage, preparation, consumption habits, and individual resistance to salmonellosis.
- The PFARM model was utilized to simulate and predict salmonellosis risk based on contamination data and consumer behavior.
Main Results:
- Salmonella prevalence in retail chicken eggs was 7%, with identified serotypes including Cerro, Enteritidis, Stanley, and Winston.
- Consumer survey data revealed high-risk factors such as prolonged home storage time (mean 3.7/5) and low resistance in 34.4% of participants.
- The PFARM predicted a low incidence of salmonellosis: 88 infections and 2 illnesses per 100,000 egg meals, with no predicted hospitalizations or deaths.
Conclusions:
- The studied chicken eggs presented a low risk and severity of salmonellosis for the surveyed Riyadh consumer group.
- The Poultry Food Assess Risk Model (PFARM) proved fit-for-purpose for evaluating salmonellosis risk in this pilot study.
- Further development and broader application of PFARM in Saudi Arabia are recommended for comprehensive risk definition and control strategies.
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