Matrix Interference of Vegetable on Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Parathion Residue Detection

Area of Science:

• Analytical Chemistry
• Food Safety
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is crucial for detecting pesticide residues like parathion.
• Complex vegetable matrices pose significant challenges to ELISA accuracy, limiting its application.
• Understanding matrix interference mechanisms is vital for improving analytical methods.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the interference mechanism of vegetable matrix components on parathion residue ELISA.
• To validate the effectiveness of acetic acid treatment in mitigating vegetable matrix interference.
• To enhance the reliability of ELISA for parathion detection in vegetable samples.

Main Methods:

• Investigated interference from chlorophyll, perilla protein, glucose, fructose, and sucrose on ELISA.
• Compared matrix interference index (I_m) and recovery rates of vegetable samples pre- and post-acetic acid treatment.
• Utilized antibody-IgG-HRP binding as a key indicator of interference.

Main Results:

• Vegetable matrix addition significantly interfered with ELISA, primarily affecting antibody-IgG-HRP binding.
• Acetic acid treatment reduced the matrix interference index (I_m) from 16-26% to 10-13%.
• Acid-treated samples showed satisfactory spiked recovery rates (80-113%), indicating minimized interference.

Conclusions:

• Vegetable matrix components substantially interfere with ELISA performance in parathion residue analysis.
• Acetic acid treatment is an effective method for reducing matrix interference and improving ELISA accuracy.
• This study provides critical insights into mitigating matrix effects for reliable pesticide residue detection.