Clinical Aspects of Cutaneous Metastasis from Non-Cutaneous Primary Tumors

Cutaneous metastases (CMs) represent an uncommon but clinically significant manifestation of advanced malignancies, originating from both solid and non-solid cancers. This review explores the clinical characteristics and prognostic implications of CMs. For solid cancers, CMs are most frequently associated with primary malignancies of the breast, lung, and gastrointestinal tract, presenting as nodules, plaques, or ulcerative lesions. In contrast, CMs from non-solid cancers, such as hematologic malignancies, often exhibit distinct patterns, including diffuse infiltrates or erythematous plaques, mimicking inflammatory dermatoses. Clinical features, as well as dermoscopy, may help, but diagnostic confirmation relies on histopathological evaluation and immunohistochemical studies, which are essential for determining the primary source of the malignancy. Clinically, CMs often signify a poor prognosis, necessitating prompt recognition and tailored management to improve patient outcomes. This comprehensive review aims to enhance clinical understanding and awareness of CMs to facilitate early diagnosis and optimized treatment strategies.