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Integrating Policy into School Safety Theory and Research
Ron Avi Astor1, Rami Benbenishty2
1Luskin School of Public Affairs, School of Education and Information Studies, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
Research on Social Work Practice
|October 16, 2025
Summary
This study introduces a new ecological model to guide school safety research and policy. It identifies gaps in current literature, aiming to bridge the divide between research findings and practical policy implementation for safer schools.
Area of Science:
- Social Work
- Public Health
- Psychology
- Education
Background:
- Extensive research on school safety has occurred over 40 years, influencing policy.
- Policy and funding have shaped the direction of school safety research.
- School safety policy itself has been under-examined empirically as a variable.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a theoretical ecological model for a policy-focused conceptualization of school safety.
- To identify gaps in the existing school safety literature.
- To guide future research and policy development in school safety.
Main Methods:
- Development of a new theoretical ecological model.
- Systematic review of school safety literature guided by the model.
- Identification of thematic, conceptual, methodological, and analytic gaps.
Main Results:
- The new model provides a framework for policy-focused school safety research.
- Significant gaps were identified in the literature regarding policy as an independent or dependent variable.
- The study elucidates the conceptual model with examples from policy and research.
Conclusions:
- A policy-focused ecological model is crucial for advancing school safety research.
- Addressing identified gaps can enhance the connection between research and policy.
- Recommendations are provided for researchers and institutions to improve school safety outcomes.
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