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Exploring the role of schools during prolonged crisis: Lessons learned from an armed conflict in Israel
Ruth Berkowitz1, Netta Achdut2, Rami Benbenishty3
1School of Social Work, University of Haifa.
The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry
|June 25, 2026
Summary
Schools play a vital role in supporting students, teachers, and parents during recurrent crises. However, significant gaps exist between expected and actual psychosocial support, particularly in counseling, highlighting the need for improved resources and communication.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Education
- Sociology
Background:
- Recurrent crises like war significantly impact students, teachers, and parents.
- Research often overlooks schools facing ongoing conflict trauma, unlike acute collective traumas.
- This study addresses the gap by examining support expectations and realities in Israeli schools during the Israel-Hamas war.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore teachers' and parents' expectations of school support during the Israel-Hamas war.
- To evaluate the actual psychosocial and material support provided by schools.
- To identify discrepancies between expected and actual support and stakeholder differences.
Main Methods:
- Surveyed 1,100 Israeli teachers and 710 parents regarding school support.
- Utilized t tests to compare expected versus provided support for students, staff, and parents.
- Employed ANOVA and correlations to analyze background characteristics' influence on expectations.
Main Results:
- Both teachers and parents highlighted schools' critical role in emotional support and guidance.
- Significant gaps were found between expected and actual support, especially in counseling services.
- Teachers and parents differed in their perceptions of support needs and provision.
Conclusions:
- Increased resources for emotional support, structured guidance, and systemic backing are essential for schools in crisis.
- Enhancing school-family communication and aligning stakeholder expectations are crucial during emergencies.
- Proactive preparation for future recurrent crises is vital for educational institutions.
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