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Updated: May 11, 2026

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

Published on: November 11, 2013

Engineered Crystalline Heterostructure Interphase Enabling Dendrite-Free Sodium Metal Anodes with Long-Term

Fenqiang Qi¹, Xueming Su¹, Ziling Huang¹

¹College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)

|October 16, 2025

Summary

Researchers developed a novel artificial interphase for sodium metal anodes in sodium-ion batteries. This engineered interface effectively suppresses dendrite growth, enabling stable battery cycling and high energy density for next-generation energy storage.

Keywords:

dendrite inhibition heterostructure sodium metal anode stable cycling triphase artificial interphase layer

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Last Updated: May 11, 2026

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Energy Storage

Background:

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are promising for energy storage.
Stable sodium metal anodes (SMAs) are crucial for SIB advancement.
Dendritic growth and uneven plating hinder SMA practical use.

Purpose of the Study:

To design a stable artificial interphase for sodium metal anodes.
To address dendrite formation and improve Na stripping/plating.
To enhance the performance of sodium-ion batteries.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a triphasic heterojunction artificial interphase via in situ reaction of Ag3PO4 and sodium metal.
Characterization of the Ag2Na/Ag/Na3PO4 interphase composition and structure.
Electrochemical testing of symmetric and full cells with the engineered anode.

Main Results:

The Ag2Na/Ag/Na3PO4 interphase effectively regulated ion transport and suppressed dendrites.
The Na/Ag3PO4 anode showed low nucleation overpotential (27 mV) and stable cycling (>1600 h).
A full pouch cell achieved high energy density (425.5 Wh kg-1).

Conclusions:

The triphasic heterojunction artificial interphase is a viable strategy for stable SMAs.
This interfacial engineering enhances ionic conductivity and electronic conductivity.
The developed anode shows significant potential for high-energy SIBs.