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Related Concept Videos

Centrifugation01:05

Centrifugation

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Centrifugation is a separation technique based on differences in density or size. It is commonly used to separate solids from aqueous interferents. During centrifugation, the sample is placed in centrifugation tubes and spun at high angular velocity, which allows centrifugal force to act differentially on the different densities or masses of the components. After spinning, the supernatant liquid is decanted. Depending on the specific application, either the pellet or the supernatant is retained...
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The homogenate obtained after cell lysis contains various membrane-bound organelles that can be further separated into pure fractions by subcellular fractionation. These isolates are used to study specific cellular components, analyze localized protein activity, and are even employed in diagnostics. Fractionation is typically achieved using centrifugation methods, the most common being density-gradient and differential centrifugation.
Differential Centrifugation
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Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male...
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Related Experiment Video

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Sperm Collection of Differential Quality Using Density Gradient Centrifugation
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Migration-Gravity Sedimentation: An Effective Approach for Reducing Sperm DNA Fragmentation With Comparable

Hideaki Yajima1,2,3, Hiroki Takeuchi1,2,3, Kanako Kishi4

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine Mie University Tsu Japan.

Reproductive Medicine and Biology
|October 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Migration-gravity sedimentation (MGS) effectively reduces sperm DNA fragmentation for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles, yielding outcomes comparable to density gradient centrifugation (DGC). MGS offers a simpler, centrifuge-free alternative.

Keywords:
DNA fragmentationdensity gradientintracytoplasmic sperm injectionsperm motilitysperm selection

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Sperm Biology
  • Assisted Reproductive Technology

Background:

  • Sperm preparation is crucial for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) success.
  • Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) can negatively impact ICSI outcomes.
  • Comparing sperm preparation techniques is essential for optimizing fertility treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy of migration-gravity sedimentation (MGS) and density gradient centrifugation (DGC) for sperm preparation in ICSI.
  • To evaluate the impact of MGS and DGC on sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) and ICSI outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study involving 32 patients undergoing ICSI with sibling oocytes.
  • Sperm prepared with MGS and DGC, then used for fertilization.
  • Semen parameters assessed via computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA); SDF measured by TUNEL assay.

Main Results:

  • MGS significantly reduced SDF compared to raw semen and DGC.
  • MGS improved sperm motility, straightness, and linearity.
  • Fertilization, blastocyst development, and clinical pregnancy rates were comparable between MGS and DGC groups.

Conclusions:

  • MGS is a simple, centrifuge-free, and cost-effective sperm preparation method.
  • MGS effectively reduces SDF and achieves ICSI outcomes similar to DGC.
  • MGS presents a viable alternative for sperm preparation in ICSI, particularly for non-male-factor infertility cases.