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Related Concept Videos

Quality of Water01:19

Quality of Water

In concrete preparation, the quality of water is paramount as it affects the strength and durability of the concrete. Potable water is usually preferred; however, it must not have excessive sodium or potassium to prevent compromising the concrete's integrity. Water quality is typically evaluated based on impurities such as dissolved solids, chlorides, and sulfates, and its pH value is ideally between 6 and 8. Even slightly acidic natural water may be acceptable unless it contains harmful...
Surface Tension of Fluid01:22

Surface Tension of Fluid

Surface tension is a fundamental property of fluids, occurring at the boundary between a liquid and a gas or between two immiscible liquids. This phenomenon arises from the cohesive forces between molecules at the fluid's surface, creating an effect similar to a stretched elastic membrane. Inside each fluid, molecules are equally attracted in all directions by neighboring molecules, but surface molecules experience a net inward force, resulting in surface tension.
Surface tension varies with...
Rapidly Varying Flow01:24

Rapidly Varying Flow

Rapidly varying flow (RVF) in open channels is characterized by abrupt changes in flow depth over a short distance, with the rate of depth change relative to distance often approaching unity. These flows are inherently complex due to their transient and multi-dimensional nature, making exact analysis difficult. However, approximate solutions using simplified models provide valuable insights into their behavior.Key Features of Rapidly Varying FlowRVF is commonly observed in scenarios involving...
Hydraulic Jump01:29

Hydraulic Jump

A hydraulic jump is a sudden rise in fluid depth in open channels, occurring when high-velocity (supercritical) flow transitions to low-velocity (subcritical) flow. This phenomenon requires an upstream Froude number greater than 1, as flows with Fr1<1 remain subcritical, making a hydraulic jump impossible due to the need for negative head loss, which violates thermodynamic principles.The characteristics of a hydraulic jump depend on the upstream Froude number and are classified as...
Hydraulic Jump: Problem Solving01:16

Hydraulic Jump: Problem Solving

To analyze a hydraulic jump in a rectangular channel with a flow speed of 6 meters per second, follow these steps:Calculate Effective Upstream Velocity:When the downstream gate closes, a hydraulic jump forms, traveling upstream at 2 meters per second. This wave speed combines with the initial channel flow velocity, creating an effective upstream velocity.Identify Flow Velocities Before and After the Hydraulic Jump:Upstream of the hydraulic jump, the effective flow velocity includes both the...
Net Change Theorem01:22

Net Change Theorem

The Net Change Theorem is a fundamental principle in calculus that establishes a direct relationship between a function’s rate of change and its accumulated change over an interval. Mathematically, it states that the definite integral of a function's derivative over a given interval [a,b] yields the net change in the original function:This theorem has significant applications in various real-world scenarios, including physics, economics, and engineering. A particularly useful application is in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Thermal Ablation for the Treatment of Abdominal Tumors
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Making Waves: An Update on Aquablation.

Lodewikus Petrus Vermeulen1, Flavio Vasconcelas Ordones1, Amir D Zarrabi1

  • 1Urology Department, Tauranga Hospital, Auckland University, Tauranga, Bay of Plenty, New Zealand.

The Urologic Clinics of North America
|October 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Aquablation therapy uses a robotically controlled waterjet for benign prostatic hyperplasia, preserving sexual function. This heat-free, image-guided treatment offers durable symptom relief and improved urinary function.

Keywords:
AquablationBenign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)Minimally invasive surgeryRobotic waterjet ablation

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Robotic Surgery
  • Medical Device Technology

Background:

  • Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) affects a large number of men, leading to lower urinary tract symptoms.
  • Traditional BPH treatments carry risks of sexual dysfunction and may require retreatment.
  • There is a need for effective and minimally invasive BPH therapies that preserve sexual function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of aquablation therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia.
  • To highlight the technology, benefits, and outcomes associated with aquablation.
  • To discuss the durability and efficacy of aquablation in managing BPH.

Main Methods:

  • Aquablation is an image-guided, automated, robotically controlled waterjet ablative therapy.
  • It utilizes a high-velocity, heat-free saline jet to precisely remove prostate tissue.
  • Real-time ultrasound guidance enables customized treatment based on individual prostate anatomy.

Main Results:

  • Aquablation achieves effective prostate tissue ablation with minimal damage to surrounding structures.
  • The procedure preserves sexual function, including ejaculatory integrity.
  • Outcomes are reproducible across various prostate sizes and shapes, with sustained symptom relief and improved urinary function.

Conclusions:

  • Aquablation is a novel, heat-free therapy for BPH offering significant advantages over traditional methods.
  • The technology provides customizable and reproducible treatment with a favorable safety profile.
  • Long-term studies demonstrate the durability of aquablation, with sustained efficacy and reduced retreatment rates.