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Fluid and Electrolyte Therapy in the Patient with Cardiac Disease

Darcy Adin1, Adesola Odunayo1

  • 1Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, 2015 SW 16th Avenue, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA.

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice
|October 17, 2025
PubMed

Insights

This article explains how to manage fluid therapy in heart failure patients. Careful monitoring of electrolytes and individualized treatment are key to preventing complications and improving outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Heart disease and heart failure frequently involve electrolyte and volume abnormalities.
  • Effective fluid management is crucial for patients with cardiac conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline fluid prescribing considerations for patients with cardiac disease and heart failure.
  • To emphasize individualized, goal-directed fluid therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pathophysiology of heart disease.
  • Discussion of fluid management strategies (resuscitation, rehydration, maintenance).
  • Highlighting electrolyte monitoring (sodium, potassium, chloride, magnesium).

Main Results:

  • Recognizing and addressing electrolyte and volume abnormalities is vital.
  • Individualized fluid therapy can prevent worsening heart failure and renal impairment.

Conclusions:

  • Goal-directed fluid therapy, guided by electrolyte monitoring, optimizes outcomes in heart failure patients.
  • Tailored fluid management is essential for preventing complications in cardiac patients.

Keywords:
Cardiac diseaseFluid therapyHeart failureHypochloremiaHypokalemia

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