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Continuous-wave and mode-locked Bi-doped fiber laser at 1.7 μm
Ali Roohforouz1, M R K Soltanian2, Pin Long3
1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada. ali.roohforouz@mail.mcgill.ca.
Scientific Reports
|October 17, 2025
Summary
Bismuth-doped fiber lasers operating at 1.7 µm were studied in continuous-wave and mode-locked configurations. Linear cavities showed higher efficiency for continuous-wave operation, while Figure-of-9 cavities supported mode-locked pulses controllable by pump power.
Area of Science:
- Laser Physics
- Optical Engineering
- Materials Science
Background:
- Bismuth-doped fibers (BDFs) are promising for generating laser light in the 1.7 µm region.
- Understanding laser cavity configurations is crucial for optimizing performance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate continuous-wave (CW) and mode-locked (ML) operation of bismuth-doped fiber (BDF) lasers at 1.7 µm.
- To compare the performance of Figure-of-9 (Fo9) and linear cavity designs for CW operation.
- To explore the potential of the Fo9 configuration for ML operation.
Main Methods:
- Experimental investigation of BDF lasers in CW and ML regimes.
- Comparison of slope efficiency (SE) for Fo9 and linear cavities under CW operation.
- Analysis of ML operation characteristics in the Fo9 configuration.
Main Results:
- The linear cavity configuration demonstrated a slightly higher SE compared to the Fo9 configuration for CW operation.
- The Fo9 configuration was successfully adapted for ML operation.
- Multi-pulse operation was observed, with the number of pulses tunable via pump power adjustment.
Conclusions:
- Both CW and ML operations are feasible in BDF lasers at 1.7 µm.
- Linear cavities offer a marginal advantage in SE for CW operation.
- The Fo9 configuration provides a versatile platform for ML BDF lasers with controllable pulse characteristics.
