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S K Clowes1, C P Allford2, D Shearer1

  • 1University of Surrey, Advanced Technology Institute, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom.

Physical Review Letters
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We used Landau-level tunneling spectroscopy to study Indium Antimonide (InSb) quantum wells. Our findings reveal that Landau level emptying causes an exchange energy shift, primarily affecting the ground state.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Materials
  • Spintronics

Background:

  • Understanding electron behavior in two-dimensional electron systems (2DES) is crucial for developing advanced electronic devices.
  • Landau levels, formed under magnetic fields, exhibit unique electronic properties influenced by interactions.
  • Previous studies often infer relative Landau level energies, limiting a precise understanding of interaction effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate Landau-level formation and exchange interactions in Indium Antimonide (InSb) quantum well devices.
  • To develop a method for extracting absolute exchange-induced energy shifts.
  • To analyze the dependence of exchange shifts on magnetic field strength and electron filling.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a three-terminal differential conductance technique, analogous to scanning tunneling microscopy, on InSb quantum wells.
  • Applied strong magnetic fields (up to 15 Tesla) to induce Landau-level quantization.
  • Analyzed differential current-voltage profiles and deviations from Landau fan diagrams to determine energy shifts.

Main Results:

  • Observed distinct peaks in differential conductance, confirming Landau-level formation in the 2DES.
  • Extracted absolute values for exchange-induced energy shifts by referencing Landau levels to filled states.
  • Derived an empirical formula for the exchange shift, showing dependence on magnetic field and electron filling.

Conclusions:

  • The emptying of higher Landau levels (ν=2, ν=3) induces an exchange interaction energy shift in the ground state (ν=1) Landau level.
  • The applied method provides an absolute energy reference, unlike prior relative measurements.
  • Only the ground state Landau level exhibits a measurable exchange shift, offering new insights into electron interactions in quantum wells.