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Updated: Jan 14, 2026

Motor Dual-Tasks for Gait Analysis and Evaluation in Post-Stroke Patients
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Inter-joint coordination variability decreases during dual-task treadmill running.

Hsiang-Ling Teng1, Jo Armour Smith2

  • 1Department of Physical Therapy, California State University, Long Beach, CA, USA.

Sports Biomechanics
|October 20, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dual-task (DT) running, especially with difficult cognitive tasks, reduces coordination variability in runners. This effect on running mechanics is consistent across different speeds, suggesting decreased adaptability.

Keywords:
Cognitive-motor interferenceellipse area methodgaitkinematicsvector coding

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Motor Control
  • Sports Science

Background:

  • Running involves complex coordination of lower extremity and trunk segments.
  • Cognitive load can impact motor performance and movement variability.
  • Understanding how dual-tasking affects running mechanics is crucial for injury prevention and performance optimization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of dual-task (DT) running on coordination variability of the lower extremity and trunk.
  • To determine if these effects differ across various running speeds.
  • To assess the influence of cognitive task difficulty on running coordination.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-one recreational runners performed treadmill running under single-task (ST) and dual-task (DT-easy, DT-hard) conditions.
  • Running trials were conducted at 85%, 100%, and 115% of preferred speed.
  • Coordination variability was quantified using Vector Coding and Ellipse Area methods for lower extremity joints and trunk segments.

Main Results:

  • Dual-task running, particularly with a difficult cognitive task (DT-hard), significantly reduced coordination variability compared to single-task (ST) running.
  • Slower running speeds were associated with greater coordination variability.
  • No significant interaction between task condition and running speed was observed.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitively demanding dual-task conditions lead to reduced movement adaptability in runners.
  • Coordination variability decreases under dual-tasking, indicating altered motor control strategies.
  • Incorporating dual-task paradigms in evaluation and training may enhance real-world running preparedness.