Emerging Biomarkers for Early Detection and Prognosis of Liver Diseases

The purpose of this research is to review and evaluate both traditional and emerging biomarkers used in the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of liver diseases. The study aims to highlight how these biomarkers-such as liver enzymes, microRNAs, exosomes, and fibrosis-related proteins-can improve early detection, track disease progression, and support personalized treatment strategies for better patient outcomes.

This study uses a literature review to analyze both traditional (ALT, AST, ALP, bilirubin, etc.) and emerging biomarkers (microRNAs, exosomes, CRP, IL-6, MMPs, TIMPs) in liver disease. It focuses on their role in diagnosis, disease monitoring, and personalized treatment planning.

Traditional biomarkers (ALT, AST, ALP, bilirubin, albumin) are key for liver function assessment. Emerging markers like microRNAs, exosomes, MMPs, and TIMPs improve early detection and disease monitoring. Together, they enhance diagnostic accuracy and support personalized treatment.

The combination of traditional and novel biomarkers improves early detection, accurate diagnosis, and personalized treatment of liver diseases. New biomarkers, such as microRNAs and exosomes, offer higher sensitivity and specificity, enabling non-invasive diagnostics. The findings align with current research trends that promote the use of molecular and extracellular markers. These biomarkers provide deeper insights into liver disease mechanisms, particularly in fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Traditional biomarkers are essential for liver assessment, while new ones like microRNAs, exosomes, MMPs, and TIMPs improve early diagnosis and monitoring. They support personalized care but need further validation for routine use.