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Social Foundations of Self IV: Self in Digital Communication01:30

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Since the early 2000s, computer-mediated communication (CMC) has grown rapidly, playing a crucial role in self-development. A key distinction between CMC and real-life interactions is the lack of a physically present partner. This absence makes non-verbal cues such as facial expressions, body language, and paralinguistic signals unavailable in CMC platforms like email, instant messaging, or social media. The lack of these cues can create ambiguity and complicate how feedback is interpreted.The...
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Ethics is a philosophical study of moral actions. Ethics attempts to determine what is valuable for individuals and society. It examines the rational justification of moral judgments and analyzes what is morally just, fair, and right. Bioethics is a sub-discipline of applied ethics that analyzes the philosophical, social, and legal issues in life sciences and medicine. Ethical theories serve as a foundation for decision-making and represent the viewpoints from which people seek direction. They...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 14, 2026

Virtual Hand with Ambiguous Movement between the Self and Other Origin: Sense of Ownership and 'Other-Produced' Agency
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The Ethics of Digital Touch.

Nicholas A Barrow, Orestis Georgiou, Patrick N Haggard

    IEEE Transactions on Haptics
    |October 20, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary

    Digital touch technologies raise ethical concerns, particularly in passive touch where external agents control sensations. Ensuring sensory autonomy, transparency, and accurate perception is crucial for responsible haptic system development.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Human-Computer Interaction
    • Ethics

    Background:

    • Digital touch technologies utilize haptic feedback to simulate somatic sensations.
    • Emerging haptic systems necessitate a balance between benefits and potential risks.
    • The human somatosensory system's unique physiology underpins ethical considerations in digital touch.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore ethical concerns in future digital touch technologies.
    • To analyze the implications of passive touch in haptic systems.
    • To propose an ethical design framework for digital touch development.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of the human somatosensory system's physiology and function.
    • Distinction between active and passive touch in digital environments.

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  • Examination of ethical issues including sensory autonomy, transparency, and epistemic challenges.

    • Main Results:

    • Passive touch presents more pressing ethical concerns than active touch.
    • Digital touch can undermine sensory autonomy and require clear consent mechanisms.
    • Altering natural haptic interactions poses epistemic challenges, potentially distorting reality perception.

    Conclusions:

    • Ethical design for digital touch must address cultural norms, privacy, self-awareness, control, and transparency.
    • A four-question ethical design framework is proposed for guiding future digital touch systems.