Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

791
Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
791
Parallel Processing01:20

Parallel Processing

631
The brain processes sensory information rapidly due to parallel processing, which involves sending data across multiple neural pathways at the same time. This method allows the brain to manage various sensory qualities, such as shapes, colors, movements, and locations, all concurrently. For instance, when observing a forest landscape, the brain simultaneously processes the movement of leaves, the shapes of trees, the depth between them, and the various shades of green. This enables a quick and...
631

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Unilateral and bilateral digital mirror visual feedback with different movement types modulate mu oscillations in individuals with stroke.

Digital health·2026
Same author

Corrigendum to "A significant decrease in anogenital warts incidence following the implementation of a national human papillomavirus immunization program in Israel" [Vaccine 80 (2029) 128516].

Vaccine·2026
Same author

Biological responses to microplastic-metal co-exposure in a tropical coral: Extracellular polymeric substance restructuring and microbial community shifts.

Marine pollution bulletin·2026
Same author

Solvent-assisted sensing ability of <sup>19</sup>F reporter in simultaneous discrimination and quantification of proline and 4-hydroxyproline isomers.

Talanta·2026
Same author

Incidence of human papillomavirus infections in women aged 27 years and older in the US: A federated data network study.

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases·2026
Same author

A significant decrease in anogenital warts incidence following the implementation of a national human papillomavirus immunization program in Israel.

Vaccine·2026
Same journal

Sensorimotor Adaptation of Vocal Pitch Is Impaired in Cerebellar Ataxia.

Journal of cognitive neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Memory in the Palm of Your Hand: Smartphone-based Methods for Measuring Memory in the Wild.

Journal of cognitive neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Processing Asymmetry in Object-modifying Relative Clauses: Evidence from Functional Connectivity.

Journal of cognitive neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Extensive Experience Remodels Neural Task Circuitry to Escape the Frontal Bottleneck and Increase Automaticity of Categorization.

Journal of cognitive neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Investigating the Effects of Acute Stress on Neural Mechanisms of Self-controlled Decision-making.

Journal of cognitive neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Distilling the Neurophenomenological Signatures of Pure Awareness during Transcendental Meditation.

Journal of cognitive neuroscience·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 14, 2026

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
10:38

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

14.0K

Simultaneous and Sequential Presentations Differentially Modulate the Temporal Dynamics of Working Memory Processes.

Ya-Ting Chen1, Bo-Cheng Kuo1

  • 1National Taiwan University.

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
|October 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Presentation format significantly impacts working memory (WM) encoding, maintenance, and retrieval. Spatial and temporal information in how stimuli are presented alters neural activity across all WM stages.

More Related Videos

A Dual Task Procedure Combined with Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Test Attentional Blink for Nontargets
08:45

A Dual Task Procedure Combined with Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Test Attentional Blink for Nontargets

Published on: December 5, 2014

9.6K
How to Find Effects of Stimulus Processing on Event Related Brain Potentials of Close Others when Hyperscanning Partners
09:52

How to Find Effects of Stimulus Processing on Event Related Brain Potentials of Close Others when Hyperscanning Partners

Published on: May 31, 2018

8.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 14, 2026

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
10:38

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

14.0K
A Dual Task Procedure Combined with Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Test Attentional Blink for Nontargets
08:45

A Dual Task Procedure Combined with Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Test Attentional Blink for Nontargets

Published on: December 5, 2014

9.6K
How to Find Effects of Stimulus Processing on Event Related Brain Potentials of Close Others when Hyperscanning Partners
09:52

How to Find Effects of Stimulus Processing on Event Related Brain Potentials of Close Others when Hyperscanning Partners

Published on: May 31, 2018

8.1K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Working memory (WM) involves encoding, maintenance, and retrieval.
  • Stimulus presentation format influences WM performance and neural responses.
  • Neural mechanisms underlying how presentation formats affect WM stages are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate how different presentation formats (simultaneous, location-sequential, center-sequential) modulate neural activity across WM stages.
  • Examine the impact of WM load (one vs. three items) on these modulations.
  • Clarify the role of spatial and temporal order information in WM.

Main Methods:

  • Electroencephalography (EEG) study.
  • Participants performed WM tasks with varying presentation formats and loads.
  • Analyzed behavioral data (reaction times) and EEG signals (alpha power, N3rs).

Main Results:

  • Location-sequential presentation led to longer reaction times than center-sequential.
  • Distinct load-dependent alpha activity patterns were observed during maintenance across formats.
  • N3rs amplitude at retrieval was modulated by load and presentation format, with stronger effects for simultaneous presentations.

Conclusions:

  • Presentation format significantly modulates load-dependent neural responses across all WM stages (encoding, maintenance, retrieval).
  • Spatial and temporal order information influences WM dynamics.
  • Findings highlight the importance of considering presentation format in understanding WM.