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Dissolution kinetics, an essential aspect of oral drug delivery, is significantly influenced by the drug's particle size. According to the Noyes-Whitney dissolution model, the dissolution rate correlates directly with the drug's surface area. The larger the surface area, the higher the drug's solubility in water, leading to a faster drug dissolution rate. Reducing particle size increases the effective surface area, enhancing the dissolution process. Micronization and nanosizing are...
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Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Chȃtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
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Common Ion Effect

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Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Châtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
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MgO-water interface: structure and surface dissolution depend on flow and pH.

Moritz Zelenka1,2, Ellen H G Backus1,2

  • 1University of Vienna, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Währinger Straße 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria. ellen.backus@univie.ac.at.

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|October 21, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Flowing water significantly alters the magnesium oxide (MgO) surface charge and water structure compared to static water. MgO dissolution in static solutions neutralizes surface charge, impacting interfacial properties.

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Area of Science:

  • Surface Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Magnesium oxide (MgO) is prevalent in industrial and natural settings, frequently interacting with aqueous environments.
  • Understanding the MgO-water interface is crucial for various applications and geochemical processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of water flow (flowing vs. static) on the interfacial structure and dissolution of the MgO(100) surface.
  • To elucidate the role of solution pH and dissolution in modulating surface charge and water orientation.

Main Methods:

  • Sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy was employed to probe the interfacial structure and water orientation.
  • Experiments were conducted with flowing and static aqueous solutions across a pH range of 3 to 11.

Main Results:

  • Flowing acidic solutions increased MgO surface charging and water molecule orientation.
  • Static solutions resulted in a near-neutral MgO surface charge due to MgO dissolution, irrespective of pH.
  • A reaction order of approximately 0.5 for MgO dissolution with respect to H+ concentration was determined.

Conclusions:

  • The state of water (flowing or static) profoundly influences the MgO(100) surface's interfacial structure and charging behavior.
  • MgO dissolution plays a key role in neutralizing surface charge under static conditions.
  • Similar phenomena may occur at other soluble solid-liquid interfaces.