Spatial Decoupling of Deposition/Dissolution Sites by Backside Confined Region Deposition for High-Performance Metal...

To mitigate the low Coulombic efficiency and limited lifespan of metal anodes resulting from the uncontrollable dendrite growth and severe side reactions, precise control over the deposition and dissolution behavior of metal ions is essential. Here, a backside matrix-modulated configuration that utilizes the synergistic action of an artificial interface layer and porous collector is presented. The artificial interface layer and porous collector in this configurationare strategically designedto induce directional migration, promotes confinement, and controlled transfer of metal ions. The synergistic effect of these two components realizes spatial decoupling of deposition/dissolution sites to a considerable extent by the backside confined deposition of metal ions, thereby avoiding dendritic growth and suppressing side reactions. Unlike previous studies, this design alters the inherent deposition/dissolution mode, highlights the importance of regulating the metal ion direction deposition without compromising dynamics, and the critical role of spatial decoupling of deposition/dissolution sites. Consequently, this design enables stable cycling in Zn//Zn (over 1400 h at 20 mA cm^-2) and Li//Li cells (over 1500 h at 0.25 mA cm^-2). Full coin and pouch batteries with this design also maintain excellent capacity. These promising results underscore the potential of this strategy in facilitating the practical application of metallic anodes.