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Robust Ligature-Induced Model of Murine Periodontitis for the Evaluation of Oral Neutrophils
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Comprehensive analysis of transcriptome and pathway interactions in periodontitis.

Bruno César de Vasconcelos Gurgel1, Nathalia Vilela2, Kaio Henrique Soares3

  • 1Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Departamento de Odontologia, Natal, RN, Brasil.

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Summary

Severe periodontitis involves altered gene expression and molecular pathways. Key pathways like Wnt/β-catenin and IL-17 signaling are dysregulated, impacting immunity and epithelial integrity.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics and Molecular Biology
  • Oral Health Research
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Periodontitis is a prevalent inflammatory disease affecting oral tissues.
  • Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying severe periodontitis is crucial for developing effective treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the transcriptomic profile of severe periodontitis.
  • To identify dysregulated molecular pathways involved in periodontitis pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • RNA sequencing was performed on gingival tissues from severe periodontitis patients and healthy controls.
  • Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and analyzed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA).
  • Protein expression of selected DEGs was validated using immunohistochemistry (IHC).

Main Results:

  • A total of 1651 DEGs were identified, with 909 upregulated and 742 downregulated in periodontitis.
  • Upregulated genes included mitochondrial genes, pseudogenes, long non-coding RNAs, and immunoglobulins.
  • Downregulated genes included keratin family members, immune modulators (e.g., CD207), and Wnt/β-catenin pathway components; IL-17 signaling was suppressed.

Conclusions:

  • Severe periodontitis is characterized by significant transcriptomic alterations.
  • Dysregulation of Wnt/β-catenin and IL-17 signaling pathways contributes to periodontitis.
  • Altered gene expression impacts cell chemotaxis, innate immunity, and epithelial barrier function in periodontitis.