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Related Concept Videos

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides02:26

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides

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Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.
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A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
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Ionic Crystal Structures

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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
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In Situ Building Halide-Alloy Dual-Phase Interfaces for Dendrite-Free Sulfide Solid-State Batteries.

Yao Liu1,2,3, Jiamin Fu4, Mengzi Geng1

  • 1Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|October 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Surface modification of argyrodite solid electrolytes with GaCl3 and InCl3 creates a protective interphase, enhancing lithium-metal battery stability and preventing dendrite growth for improved performance.

Keywords:
all‐solid‐state lithium batteriesargyroditesartificial interlayerslithium dendrites

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Solid-state Chemistry

Background:

  • Argyrodite-type sulfide solid electrolytes offer high ionic conductivity and mechanical flexibility for solid-state lithium-metal batteries.
  • However, their reactivity with lithium metal causes interfacial degradation and lithium dendrite growth, limiting practical application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer a stable interface for argyrodite solid electrolytes by surface modification.
  • To improve the electrochemical performance and cycling stability of lithium-metal batteries.

Main Methods:

  • Co-treatment of Li6PS5Cl solid electrolyte with GaCl3 and InCl3 to form an in situ interphase.
  • Characterization of the interphase composition and structure.
  • Electrochemical testing of Li||Li symmetric cells and LiNi0.9Mn0.05Co0.05O2||Li full cells.

Main Results:

  • In situ formation of a multifunctional interphase comprising LiCl, Li-Ga, and Li-In alloys.
  • The LiCl matrix inhibits dendrite formation, while the alloy network facilitates uniform Li-ion transport.
  • Li||Li symmetric cells demonstrated over 2600 hours of stable cycling at 0.5 mA cm-2.
  • Full cells with a Ni-rich cathode achieved 80% capacity retention after 1000 cycles.

Conclusions:

  • Engineered surface coatings effectively stabilize the anode interface in sulfide solid electrolytes.
  • This approach enhances the viability of argyrodite-type electrolytes for high-performance all-solid-state lithium-metal batteries.