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FreiLaser: Flexible pulse generator for laser control in optogenetic experiments.

Artur Schneider1,2, Ilka Diester1,2,3

  • 1Optophysiology Lab, Institute of Biology III, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.

Hardwarex
|October 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed FreiLaser, a low-cost Raspberry Pi Pico system for precise optogenetic laser control. This versatile tool enhances neuroscience experiments with user-friendly features and open-source accessibility.

Keywords:
BehaviorCircuitpythonLaserMicrocontrollerNeuroscienceOptogenetics

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biotechnology
  • Engineering

Background:

  • Optogenetics requires precise control of laser stimulation for neuroscience research.
  • Existing laser control systems can be expensive and complex.
  • A need exists for cost-effective, versatile, and user-friendly laser control solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and validate FreiLaser, an affordable and adaptable laser control system for optogenetics.
  • To enable precise control over multiple laser parameters using a Raspberry Pi Pico.
  • To integrate a user-friendly interface and mask controller for enhanced experimental control.

Main Methods:

  • Development of FreiLaser using Raspberry Pi Pico microcontroller and CircuitPython.
  • Implementation of precise control for up to four lasers via analog and digital signals.
  • Integration of a graphical user interface (GUI) for parameter configuration and real-time visualization.
  • Inclusion of a mask controller synchronized with laser pulses.
  • API development for seamless integration with experimental setups.

Main Results:

  • FreiLaser provides cost-effective laser control (<40 €).
  • The system offers precise control over stimulation parameters for multiple lasers.
  • Validation confirmed stable and temporally precise control signals suitable for various stimulation patterns.
  • The GUI and API facilitate ease of use and integration.
  • The mask controller effectively synchronizes LEDs with laser pulses.

Conclusions:

  • FreiLaser is a flexible, user-friendly, and low-cost solution for optogenetic laser control.
  • The open-source design promotes accessibility and adaptability for diverse neuroscience research.
  • The system is well-suited for optogenetic and behavioral studies, reducing potential bias.