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Microbial spectrum and emerging antibiotic sensitivity patterns in explanted scleral buckle elements-a 12 year
Naresh Babu Kannan1, Kulsum J Sayyad1, Muthu Krishnan Vallinayagam2
1Department of Retina Vitreous, Aravind Eye Hospital and Post Graduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.
International Ophthalmology
|October 23, 2025
Summary
Scleral buckle removal is often indicated by infection, with Nocardia species being a common pathogen. Antibiotic sensitivity patterns are shifting, showing decreased efficacy of Amikacin and emerging resistance to Vancomycin.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Retinal Surgery
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Scleral buckling is a common surgical procedure for retinal detachment.
- Complications such as infection can necessitate explant removal.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate indications for scleral buckle removal.
- To characterize the microbiological spectrum and antibiotic sensitivity.
- To determine the rate of retinal re-detachment post-removal.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective observational study.
- Involved analysis of patients undergoing scleral buckle removal between 2009-2021.
- Minimum 6-month follow-up post-removal.
Main Results:
- Scleral buckle removal rate was 4.59% (52/1132 eyes).
- Infection was the primary indication (71.15%).
- Nocardia species were the most common pathogen (22.22%), with high susceptibility to Vancomycin, Cefotaxime, Gentamicin, and Chloramphenicol. Amikacin showed reduced efficacy.
- Recurrent retinal detachment occurred in 3.85% of cases.
Conclusions:
- Nocardia species are a predominant pathogen in scleral buckle infections.
- Antibiotic sensitivity patterns are evolving, with reduced Amikacin efficacy and increasing Vancomycin resistance.
- Scleral buckle removal has a low rate of recurrent retinal detachment.
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