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Updated: Jan 14, 2026

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
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Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

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Phenotypic Features of Heart Failure in Patients with Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction

I A Mustafina1, M R Plotnikova1, Yu N Belenkov2

  • 1Bashkir State Medical University.

Kardiologiia
|October 23, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (CHFpEF) subphenotypes show distinct clinical and laboratory traits. Higher neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) levels correlate with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in CHFpEF patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Heart Failure Research
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (CHFpEF) presents significant clinical heterogeneity.
  • Understanding CHFpEF mechanisms and patient stratification requires subphenotype identification.
  • Ischemic heart disease is a common comorbidity in CHFpEF.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify clinical, laboratory, and instrumental characteristics of CHFpEF patients with ischemic heart disease.
  • To explore differences in CHFpEF subphenotypes based on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).
  • To investigate the association of specific biomarkers with LVEF in CHFpEF.

Main Methods:

  • Study included 145 patients with CHFpEF undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.
  • Patients were stratified into two groups: LVEF 50-60% and LVEF >60%.
  • Assessed echocardiography, laboratory tests, and plasma biomarkers including NT-proBNP, VEGF, H-FABP, ST2, VCAM, PAI-1, and NRP-1.

Main Results:

  • CHFpEF subphenotypes exhibit varied clinical and laboratory profiles.
  • Higher concentrations of neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) were significantly associated with lower LVEF in the CHFpEF cohort.
  • Specific biomarkers demonstrated differential expression across LVEF subgroups.

Conclusions:

  • Subclassification of CHFpEF patients based on LVEF reveals distinct characteristics.
  • Neuropilin-1 emerges as a potential biomarker associated with reduced LVEF in CHFpEF.
  • Further research into CHFpEF subphenotypes may improve patient management and therapeutic strategies.

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