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Towards a holistic framework: a scoping review protocol to map early childhood development services.
Mehrdad Amir-Behghadami1,2,3, Jafar-Sadegh Tabrizi1,4, Seifollah Heidarabady5
1Student Research Committee (SRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran behghadami.m@gmail.com js.tabrizi@gmail.com.
BMJ Open
|October 23, 2025
Summary
This scoping review maps global early childhood development (ECD) services, identifying components and strategies to optimize interventions for child health and development. Findings will inform comprehensive ECD program design.
Area of Science:
- Child Development
- Public Health
- Health Services Research
Background:
- Early childhood development (ECD) services are crucial for improving child health and developmental outcomes globally.
- These programs target children under 5, including those healthy, at-risk, or with developmental disorders.
- ECD services are implemented across governmental and non-governmental organizations in health and non-health sectors worldwide.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically map and synthesize existing evidence on the components, implementation strategies, and delivery mechanisms of ECD services worldwide.
- To inform the development of optimized and comprehensive interventions supporting holistic child development.
- To provide a roadmap for enhancing child health and preventing developmental disorders, particularly within the Iranian health system.
Main Methods:
- A scoping review utilizing Arksey and O'Malley's framework and recent advances.
- Comprehensive searches of multiple databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, etc.) up to December 2024, without time or language restrictions.
- Independent screening and data extraction by two researchers, with discrepancies resolved by consensus or a third researcher. Content analysis for synthesis.
Main Results:
- The review will systematically map the global landscape of ECD service components, implementation strategies, and delivery mechanisms.
- Evidence synthesis will identify effective approaches for optimizing ECD interventions.
- Findings will highlight current gaps and best practices in worldwide ECD service delivery.
Conclusions:
- This review will offer a novel perspective for developing comprehensive ECD service packages.
- The findings will guide researchers and stakeholders in enhancing child health and preventing developmental disorders.
- The study provides a detailed roadmap for optimizing global ECD interventions.
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