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Reversible Zn2+-Activated Channel Transport Through Monomer-Dimer Interconversion of Rotaxane.

Zexin Yan1, Shinan Ma1, Wei Wu1

  • 1Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.

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Summary

Researchers created a novel artificial ion channel using a [2]rotaxane structure. This zinc-activated system mimics natural ion channels, switching from inactive carrier to efficient transporter upon zinc binding.

Keywords:
Ion channelsLigand‐gated ion transportRotaxanesZn2+ activation

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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Bioinspired Materials Science
  • Chemical Biology

Background:

  • Natural ligand-gated ion channels are crucial for biological transport and inspire synthetic systems.
  • Artificial ion channels are sought after for understanding biological processes and creating functional biomimetic devices.
  • Controlling ion transport through synthetic channels with external stimuli is a key challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and synthesize a novel Zn2+-activated artificial ion channel.
  • To investigate the mechanism of ion transport gating by a metal ion.
  • To establish a biomimetic system for ligand-regulated transmembrane transport.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a [2]rotaxane incorporating a sliding bis(benzo-18-crown-6) unit and a Zn2+-responsive terpyridine thread.
  • Investigation of K⁺ transport activity in monomeric and dimerized states.
  • Characterization of Zn2+-induced channel gating and reversibility using competitive ligands.

Main Results:

  • A monomeric [2]rotaxane functioned as an inactive carrier for K⁺.
  • Zn2+-induced dimerization of the rotaxane switched the system to a highly efficient artificial ion channel.
  • The channel gating was reversible, responding to the presence and absence of Zn2+ and competitive ligands.

Conclusions:

  • The first biomimetic Zn2+-gated artificial ion channel has been developed.
  • This work presents a novel design strategy for creating ligand-regulated transmembrane transporters.
  • The artificial channel offers insights into ion transport mechanisms and potential applications in bioinspired systems.