Bacillus cereus as a Sustainable Bioremediation Agent: Mechanisms, Applications, and Future Prospects

Human health and ecosystems are facing significant challenges from environmental contamination imposed by industrialization and urbanization. Bioremediation is a sustainable method to combat pollution that focuses on microorganisms' capacity to degrade toxic compounds. Bacillus cereus has proved itself as a promising candidate for bioremediation due to its diverse metabolic pathways as well as its capacity to adapt to various extreme conditions. This review paper mainly focuses on the bioremediation capability of different strains of Bacillus cereus for a wide range of pollutants, their possible mechanisms, kinetics study, limitations, and future prospects. Applications in different industrial fields have been highlighted. The impact of various biotic and abiotic factors on the effectiveness of bioremediation is well discussed. Research findings and case studies illustrated both the challenges and advantages of using Bacillus cereus to protect the environment. Prospects, including advancements in genetic engineering and large-scale applications, can amplify the potential of the bacterium to transform environmental remediation technologies. This review compiles the information on Bacillus cereus and its essential role in combating pollution for a sustainable future.