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Related Concept Videos

DNA Topoisomerases02:02

DNA Topoisomerases

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Topoisomerases are enzymes that relax overwound DNA molecules during various cell processes, including DNA replication and transcription. These enzymes regulate positive and negative DNA supercoiling without changing the nucleotide sequence. DNA overwinding in a clockwise direction results in positively supercoiled DNA, whereas underwinding in a counterclockwise direction produces negatively supercoiled DNA.
Types and Mechanism of action
Topoisomerases are divided into two main types. ...
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DNA Helicases00:55

DNA Helicases

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DNA unwinding helicase enzymes are a type of motor protein. Motor proteins can translocate along filaments or polymers using energy generated from ATP hydrolysis. Helicases are involved in all the important cellular processes where DNA unwinding is required, such as DNA replication, repair, recombination, and transcription. They are present in all living organisms, but vary in their structure, function, and mechanism of action. For example, in prokaryotes, DnaB helicase binds and translocates...
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Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins01:03

Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins

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For successful DNA replication, the unwinding of double-stranded DNA must be accompanied by stabilization and protection of the separated single strands of the DNA. This crucial task is performed by single-strand DNA-binding (SSB) proteins. They bind to the DNA in a sequence-independent manner, which means that the nitrogenous bases of the DNA need not be present in a specific order for binding of SSB proteins to it. The binding of SSB proteins straightens single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and makes...
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The DNA Helix01:16

The DNA Helix

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Overview
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The DNA Helix01:07

The DNA Helix

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Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is the genetic material responsible for passing traits from generation to generation in all organisms and most viruses. DNA is composed of two strands of nucleotides that wind around each other to form a spring-like structure called a double helix. However, the double helix is not perfectly symmetrical. Instead, there are regularly occurring grooves in the structure. The major groove occurs where the sugar-phosphate backbones are relatively far apart. This space...
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The Replisome03:01

The Replisome

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DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with...
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Simple and Fast Rolling Circle Amplification-Based Detection of Topoisomerase 1 Activity in Crude Biological Samples
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Simple and Fast Rolling Circle Amplification-Based Detection of Topoisomerase 1 Activity in Crude Biological Samples

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DNA Topoisomerase VI: Structure, Function and Mechanism.

Adam M B Allen1, Shannon J McKie1, Christian G Noble2

  • 1Dept Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK; School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.

Journal of Molecular Biology
|October 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

DNA topoisomerase VI (topo VI) is a unique enzyme found in various organisms. Research reveals its distinct structure, slower DNA relaxation, and potential as a target for new herbicides and antibacterials.

Keywords:
DNA topologychemotherapeuticssupercoilingtopoisomerase

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • DNA topoisomerase VI (topo VI) is a type IIB topoisomerase found in archaea, plants, eukaryotes, and bacteria.
  • Its role in plants is essential for endoreduplication, but its function in other organisms remains unclear.
  • Topo VI differs from type IIA topoisomerases in domain organization and lack of a C gate.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the structural and functional characteristics of DNA topoisomerase VI.
  • To investigate the reaction mechanisms and substrate preferences of topo VI.
  • To explore the potential of topo VI as a therapeutic target.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of crystal structures of topo VI.
  • Single-molecule and ensemble measurements of DNA relaxation and decatenation reactions.
  • Inhibition studies using known compounds like radicicol and results from drug screens.

Main Results:

  • Crystal structures reveal distinct cavities and interfaces supporting a double-strand passage mechanism.
  • Topo VI exhibits slower DNA relaxation rates compared to type IIA topoisomerases.
  • Topo VI shows a preference for decatenation over relaxation and is inhibited by radicicol and other identified compounds.

Conclusions:

  • DNA topoisomerase VI possesses unique structural and mechanistic features differentiating it from type IIA enzymes.
  • Its distinct properties make it a promising target for developing novel herbicides and antibacterials.