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Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
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Characterizing Key Correlates of Sleep Problems Across Rare Neurodevelopmental Genetic Disorders.

E K Baker1, T W Frazier2, J M Phillips3

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. ekbaker@stanford.edu.

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sleep problems are common in neurodevelopmental genetic disorders (NGD). Specific factors like mood, anxiety, and sensory issues predict different sleep difficulties in NGD patients.

Keywords:
AnxietyAutismMonogenic disordersNeurodevelopmental disordersRepetitive and restricted behaviorsSleep

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Sleep problems are prevalent in individuals with neurodevelopmental genetic disorders (NGD).
  • The specific correlates of these sleep difficulties are not well understood.
  • This impacts daytime functioning in affected individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize sleep phenotypes across various rare NGDs.
  • To identify predictors of sleep problems in individuals with NGDs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Neurobehavioral Evaluation Tool (NET) with parents of 173 individuals with rare NGDs and 123 neurotypical controls.
  • Assessed sleep problems, social communication, repetitive behaviors, executive functioning, and mood/anxiety symptoms.

Main Results:

  • The SYNGAP1 group exhibited the most severe sleep problems.
  • Predictors varied by sleep issue: depressed affect/emotion regulation for initiation/maintenance, insistence on sameness/separation anxiety for bedtime resistance, age/depressed affect for somnolence, and sensory/anxiety symptoms for sleep duration.

Conclusions:

  • Sleep problems are significantly elevated in NGDs.
  • Specific sleep issues have distinct correlates, necessitating targeted assessments and interventions.
  • Further research is needed to understand and address sleep difficulties in rare NGDs.