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Updated: Jan 6, 2026

A 3D Spheroid Model for Glioblastoma

A 3D Spheroid Model for Glioblastoma

Published on: April 9, 2020

3D-Printed Scaffold-Based Glioblastoma Spheroid In Vitro Model for Drug Screening Application.

Iyer Aakash Sambamoorthy^1,2, Bhuvaneshwari Arumugam¹, Ceera Manikandan^1,2

¹Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.

Annals of Biomedical Engineering

|October 26, 2025

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This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed 3D printed polycaprolactone scaffolds to create glioblastoma spheroids for drug screening. The biocompatible scaffolds successfully generated spheroids and demonstrated their effectiveness in evaluating drug responses, offering a promising in vitro model.

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Engineering
Cancer Research
3D Bioprinting

Background:

Glioblastoma multiforme is an aggressive brain cancer with poor prognosis.
Glioblastoma spheroids mimic in vivo tumor characteristics but face limitations in standardization and reproducibility.
There is a need for reliable in vitro models for glioblastoma research and drug screening.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a 3D printed polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold for inducing glioblastoma spheroid formation.
To assess the biocompatibility and suitability of the PCL scaffold for spheroid generation and maintenance.
To evaluate the potential of this scaffold-based model for glioblastoma drug screening.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of PCL scaffolds using a 3D printing system.

Keywords:

3D printing Drug screening Glioblastoma In vitro model Polycaprolactone scaffolds Spheroids

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Seeding U87-MG glioblastoma cells onto the scaffolds to induce spheroid formation.

Assessing scaffold biocompatibility via Live/Dead staining, ATP viability assays, and GFAP expression analysis.

Testing drug efficacy by exposing spheroids to temozolomide and quantifying cell viability.

Main Results:

U87-MG spheroids formed within 24 hours on the 3D printed PCL scaffolds.
Scaffolds demonstrated excellent biocompatibility, supporting cell proliferation and maintaining stemness (GFAP expression).
Spheroids showed susceptibility to temozolomide, with significant cell death and architectural disruption, validating the model for drug screening.

Conclusions:

3D printed PCL scaffolds effectively support U87-MG glioblastoma spheroid formation without external induction.
These scaffolds provide a robust and reproducible platform for in vitro glioblastoma drug screening.
This approach offers a valuable alternative to traditional in vivo models for evaluating therapeutic responses.