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Review and Preview

In statistics, several tools are used to interpret the data. Measures of central tendency represent the characteristics of the data, such as mean, median, and mode. Additionally, measures of variance like standard deviation and range are used to find the spread of data from the mean. Relative standing measures the distance between data locations. Commonly used measures of relative standings are percentile, z score, and quartiles.
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Normative Performance for the Emory Complex Figure Scoring System and Recognition Task.

Andrew C Hale1,2, Robert J Spencer1,2, James J Lah3

  • 1Mental Health Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology : the Official Journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists
|October 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study provides new normative data for the Emory Complex Figure-Loring Scoring (CF-LS) and Recognition task in healthy adults. These demographically adjusted norms aid in efficiently assessing cognitive function and detecting retrieval inefficiencies.

Keywords:
RecallRecognitionRegression-based normsRey complex figureStanineVisual memory

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Traditional complex figure tests can be time-consuming in clinical settings.
  • The Emory Complex Figure-Loring Scoring (CF-LS) and Recognition task offer a streamlined alternative.
  • Establishing robust normative data is crucial for accurate clinical interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish regression-based, demographically adjusted normative data for the Emory CF-LS and Recognition task.
  • To provide scaled scores and stanines for enhanced clinical utility.
  • To support accurate interpretation in healthy adult populations for research and clinical settings.

Main Methods:

  • A sample of 398 cognitively healthy adults from the Emory Healthy Brain Study was utilized.
  • Participants completed the Rey Complex Figure using the Emory CF-LS system (10 core elements).
  • Regression models incorporating age, education, and race were employed to generate normative data.

Main Results:

  • Copy scores exhibited ceiling effects, while Recall and Recognition scores were more normally distributed.
  • Immediate and Delayed recall scores were highly correlated with each other and with Recognition scores.
  • Age, education, and race significantly predicted performance, informing the normative data development.

Conclusions:

  • Regression-based norms for the Emory CF-LS and Recognition task are provided, offering flexible interpretation options.
  • The study introduces a practical method for detecting retrieval inefficiency by quantifying recall-recognition relationships.
  • Findings support the broader application of the Emory CF-LS and Recognition task in cognitive assessments, despite sample limitations.