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Imaging-Based Classification of Fifth Metatarsal Fractures and Its Impact on Clinical Decision-Making: A Systematic
Rao Junaid Saleem1, Hassan Imtiaz2, Abdullah Elrefae3
1General and Colorectal Surgery, Northwick Park Hospital, London, GBR.
Imaging classifications for fifth metatarsal fractures improve diagnosis and treatment. Structured systems, especially with CT or MRI, enhance accuracy for better patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Radiology
- Sports Medicine
Background:
- Fifth metatarsal fractures are common forefoot injuries.
- Treatment outcomes vary based on fracture location and type.
- Existing imaging classifications have variable reliability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review imaging-based classifications for fifth metatarsal fractures.
- To evaluate anatomical/radiographic criteria, reproducibility, and clinical impact.
- To identify optimal classification systems for diagnosis and management.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review following PRISMA 2020 guidelines.
- Comprehensive literature search across PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library.
- Inclusion of studies reporting reliability or clinical relevance of classifications.
Main Results:
- Structured imaging classifications enhance interobserver agreement and standardize treatment.
- Classifications correlate with improved functional outcomes.
- CT and MRI-based approaches improve accuracy for subtle or stress fractures.
Conclusions:
- Imaging-based classifications are crucial for accurate diagnosis and risk stratification.
- Standardized, multimodality classification frameworks are needed.
- Optimizing classification systems can improve clinical outcomes for fifth metatarsal fractures.
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