Research Progress of LEF1 Gene in Malignant Tumors

Currently, one of the most dynamic and rapidly advancing areas in biomedical research is the study of cell signaling systems. In particular, researchers have directed significant attention toward the Wnt signaling pathway, which has emerged as a critical player in several biological processes, including embryonic development, cancer progression, and the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. The growing body of research demonstrating the Wnt pathway's critical functions in various activities emphasizes the pathway's importance. Lymphoid enhancer factor-1 (LEF-1) is a crucial component of the Wnt signaling cascade, among its numerous components. The β-catenin/LEF complex, which is essential for triggering transcriptional responses, is formed when the N-terminal domain of LEF-1 binds with β-catenin. This complex acts as a central "activation hub" within the Wnt pathway, integrating signals from β-catenin and LEF-1 to facilitate gene expression that is critical for cellular functions. This narrative review focuses on highlighting the latest advancements in LEF-1 research, particularly its role in cancer. By emphasizing the significance of LEF-1 in the processes of carcinogenesis, the discussion aims to shed light on the potential implications of these findings for developing innovative treatment strategies. Understanding the function of LEF-1 not only enhances our comprehension of tumor biology but also opens pathways to novel therapeutic interventions.