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Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor
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Surface-emitting ring quantum cascade lasers.

Rolf Szedlak1, Benedikt Schwarz1, Gottfried Strasser1

  • 1Institute of Solid State Electronics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)
|October 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Surface-emitting ring quantum cascade lasers offer stable, single-mode operation and high-quality beams. Innovations enhance their use in spectroscopy, sensing, and communication, driving next-generation sensor technology.

Keywords:
distributed feedback gratingemission beamquantum cascade laserring cavitysensingsurface emission

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Area of Science:

  • Optoelectronics
  • Laser Physics
  • Quantum Engineering

Background:

  • Surface-emitting ring quantum cascade lasers (RQC Ls) utilize a ring cavity and distributed feedback grating for controlled emission.
  • Advancements have extended RQC L operation from mid-infrared to terahertz frequencies.
  • Key innovations include microring designs, phase-shifted gratings, and buried heterostructures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the development and diverse applications of RQC Ls.
  • To highlight innovations enhancing RQC L performance and scalability.
  • To explore the potential of RQC Ls in various scientific and industrial fields.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on RQC L development and applications.
  • Analysis of design innovations (microring, gratings, heterostructures).
  • Discussion of operational regimes (mid-IR to THz) and performance metrics.

Main Results:

  • RQC Ls demonstrate controlled surface emission, stable single-mode operation, and high-quality beams.
  • Innovations improve scalability, beam quality, and continuous-wave operation at room temperature.
  • On-chip integration enables compact systems for sensing and monitoring.

Conclusions:

  • RQC Ls are advancing in miniaturization, thermal stability, and wavelength consistency.
  • These lasers are crucial for spectroscopy, imaging, communication, and gas monitoring.
  • Scalable fabrication and modulation schemes position RQC Ls for future robust, energy-efficient sensors.