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Mapping bacterial microbiota variations in raw milk: geographic and type-specific insights
Yujing Wang1, Bowen Li1, Rongbo Fan1
1College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
Microbiology Spectrum
|October 27, 2025
Summary
Milk
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Food Science
Background:
- Understanding raw milk microbial diversity is crucial for safety and quality.
- Geographical origin and milk type significantly influence microbial composition.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate microbial community differences in Holstein and non-bovine milk.
- To assess the impact of geographical proximity and milk type on microbial diversity.
Main Methods:
- Single-molecule real-time sequencing was used to analyze milk microbial communities.
- Samples included Holstein cow milk from adjacent and distant regions and non-bovine milk.
Main Results:
- Genera like Lactiplantibacillus and Chryseobacterium showed significant variations in Holstein milk across regions.
- Milk type, not farm proximity, strongly impacted bacterial diversity.
- Holstein, donkey, and camel milk had higher lactic acid bacteria diversity.
Conclusions:
- Milk type is a primary driver of microbial diversity, surpassing geographical influence.
- Specific bacterial species and lactic acid bacteria profiles differ across milk types.
- Findings aid in managing milk microorganisms for improved safety and quality.
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