Emerging Nanozyme Strategies for Precision Breast Cancer Treatment

Breast cancer, the most common malignant tumor among women worldwide, poses a significant challenge to public health due to its high incidence and mortality rates. While traditional treatment strategies such as surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapy have made significant progress, limitations such as tumor heterogeneity, drug resistance, distant metastasis, and systemic side effects remain urgent issues to address. Nanozymes, a new type of nanomaterial with natural enzyme activity, have provided revolutionary opportunities for the precise treatment of breast cancer. This article aims to comprehensively review the progress of nanozyme applications in breast cancer treatment, focusing on how they can improve immunotherapy by regulating the tumor microenvironment and enhancing the immune response, optimize chemotherapy by improving drug delivery efficiency and overcoming drug resistance, and develop photothermal/photodynamic combination therapy to enhance therapeutic efficacy. In addition, this paper will also analyze in depth the key challenges faced by nanozymes in the clinical translation of breast cancer, such as biocompatibility, targeting efficiency, controllability, and large-scale production, and look forward to its broad prospects as a new treatment method combined with existing strategies, with the hope of providing new ideas for the precise, efficient, and low-toxicity treatment of breast cancer in the future.