Parry-Romberg Syndrome: A Rare Case with Diagnostic Challenges and Orthodontic Implications

Parry-Romberg syndrome (PRS) is a rare acquired disorder characterized by progressive hemifacial atrophy involving the skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscles, cartilage, and bone. The disease usually progresses for two to 20 years before stabilizing, with extracranial involvement of the trunk and extremities occasionally reported. The etiology remains uncertain, with proposed immunological, genetic, and neurovascular mechanisms. We present the case of a 24-year-old female with PRS who exhibited intraoral and extraoral soft tissue atrophy, localized alopecia, ocular changes, and otologic involvement. Intraoral examination revealed delayed dental development and an anterior crossbite on the unaffected side. Despite marked craniofacial asymmetry, no neurological deficits were identified. The patient is currently receiving orthodontic treatment to address occlusion and improve facial balance. This case highlights the importance of early recognition and multidisciplinary management of PRS, where orthodontic intervention contributes significantly to functional and psychosocial outcomes. Further studies are needed to clarify the long-term effects of orthodontic and surgical rehabilitation in this rare condition.